Telemotor system



May 9, 1944- c. F. BINDER 2,348,323

TELEMOTOR SYSTEM E ATTORNEYS May y9, 1944. c. F. BINDER TELEMOTOR SYSTEM Filed Oct. 26, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 1N VENTOR. CHA/LES FRANKLIN BINDER .eN .www

ATTORNEYS May 9, 1944 c. F. BINDER 2,348,323

TELEMOTOR SYSTEM Filed 0G11. 26, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. CHARLES FRANKL/N/NDER e ATTORNEYS May 9 1944` C. F. BINDER 2,348,323

v TELEMOTOR sYTEM Filed Oct. 26, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented May 9, 1944 umso STATES omet toLidgerwo'od Manufacturing Company, Linden; N. J., a corporation of New `York Application ectoer 2s, 1939, seiial- No. strada 1 claim. (c1. sii-4545i This invention relates to the hydraulic transmission of power and motion and refers more particularly to improvements in hydraulic transmission of power known in the art as a telemotor system.

An object of the present invention is to transmit power and motion hydraulically from one set of pistons to another or series ofv pistons lo' cated adjacent to or remote from the operating pistons. y

Another object of the present invention is the provisionA of a fluid-operated"` steering mechanism which may be conveniently and adequately replenished with the operating fluid automatically as may b'e required. n i Y A further object is to'K eliminate the danger of leakage in a fluid-operated telemotor system and to provide a system which. isso constructed that the danger of the penetration of air into various parts of the? system is eiectively avoided.

Still another object is the provision of a hydraulic telemotor system which is so constructed that the forward and att pistons remain' solidly connected hydraulically with each other Ycontinuously bythe operating-num to automatically prevent slackworlos't motion in either the forward or aft systeiinjj 2 u I Another" object is the-provision of a` `uidoperated telernotor system having means for automatically equalizing theexpansion and oontracton of the operatingiiuid resulting" from temperature varlatiorisfl i Y n v Aiurthefotjeot of the invention isjtneprof vision of a hydralio'teleintor' system' whereby the'` operating fluid' ,may be pumped into the System at the aft telemotor, the lowest point in the system, to the compressor, the Yhighest point in the system', through' both connecting pipes simultaneously, thus obtaining a solid operating fluid free from air. x

Another object of thev invention isthe pro vision of a hydraulic teleinotor systemY which incorporates the use of special check valves to eliminate the necessity of all relief and" vacuum valves in the hydraulic-system. l

Other objects" off the presentinvention will become apparent the cour'sof the following specification. i

The above and other objects of the present invention maybe realized by combining a hydraulie system ofthe telemotor systemrutype with a device adjustingthe system` jacc'ordance with the expansion) and?v contrae o not the operating medium. 'Ihei` adjust-'in device; is preferably connected with' the"A forward 'compresser located at thea highest point of the system'andincludes check valves of a special type connected between the compressor pistons` andI theireplenishing tank and serve to automatically maintain a solid? .hydraulic system. A manually operated plug `cock is provided across the' pistons-of the compressor constituting a b'ypass". for: the operating uid Thisjplug cockis provided to by-pass operating uid `when the telem'otor systernis being overhauled by some outside means and' is provided with a locking The` compressor is operatively connected in the usual'manner with the aft, telemotor located at the lowest point inthe system actuating a ro'd connected to' the `mechanism` actuating the rain oi', the ship rudder or to' any other, mechanisnito4 be actuated `oroperated by the telem'otor system.

In accordance with. tlie present invention; the system is provided with Ya 'lling tank operativelyconnected to a lling pump which is provided with che-ck' valves and connected to the aft telemotor, so that the .forward` compressor, the aft telemotor, the tank, and the pump are all included in the same uid circuit, thus making it possible to fill the system through both connecting pipessimultaneously, including the replenishing tank;

Furthermore, inaccord 'n'ce with the present invention, the pistons ofthe compressor andthe aft telemot'r" are' made ofi a metal which is known `on theV rnarket under `the yname I of Monel metal, whichhas been found to be etrernely advantageousfor thesedevices. A

The: inventori will appear mdr?. Clearly. from followingfdetailed descriptionjwhenA taken:VA in connection with the' accompanying drawings, showing' by way of` example a preferred embodiijnent of the inventive idea.

In" the drawings;` i?"ignreA l is" a diaglranimatie perspectiv'view ofthe hydralic system used coni'ceetion with a ships steer-ingnie( ha'nisni.`

figure laits` menait of 'tiene 1f' and shows anparvtlnotthe hydraulic system'inwdiaammalati@ perspective, View; .1; r:

2` isa -;deta1ed diagrammatic fvew, partly insection; showing the compressorfjand the parts connected `therewith' in sideelevation, while the aft' telernotor' is shown in'top-view`.

`rfgfifro 3f is 'ajtopfview snowing section: the cylinderofjtne aft tieintorgn Figure 4 shows the aft teleniotor in fronti Figure is a horizontal section through'aV part of the aft telemotor.

Figure 11 is a front view of some of the pump actuating means shown in Figure 1.

The telemotor system, shown in the drawings ing sleeves 38a and 40a enclose the rods 32b and 33h, respectively, and are used to prevent the springs 38 and 40 from sagging.

The spring 40 encloses the rod 33h and is connected with the support 35 and a plate 4I movable along with the guide 33a.

One end of the piston 3| a is rmly connected with the rod 42, the opposite end 43 of which, shown in Figure 1, is bifurcated and is pivotally connected with a link 44. The link 44 is connected by a pivot 45 to the bifurcated end 46 of a member 4l having the form of a rack and constituting a part of a bevel gear differential. The free end of the rack 41 may be connected by a link 48 to an electric telemotor system or a gyro v pilot not shown in the drawings.

as applied to the steering mechanism of a ship,

is operated hydraulically and comprises a compressor I8 (Figure 1a), an aft telemotor II, a starboard nickelsemi-steel cylinder I2 (Figure l), a variable stroke pump I3, and the pump actuating-device I4. The starboard cylinder I2 is usedy to actuate a .forged steel ram I5, which is set athwartship and is connected to the stock of ythe rudder, not shown in the drawings.

,The Yaft telemotor II is somewhat similar lto that disclosed 'in the United States Letters Patent to Johnston, No. 1,302,376.

As shown more clearly in Figures 1a, 2, 5, and

6 of the drawings, the compressor I0, which is located in the pilot house, comprises a handwheel I6 carried by. a shaft I8 which extends through-a .casing 26 communicating with the replenishing tank I9. As shown in Figure 5, one end of the shaft I 8 carries a spur gear 20 meshinglwith a main-gear 2IV which is firmly connected with a shaft 22. The shaft 22 also carries a gear wheel 23 meshing with two Vracks 24. The lower endsof the racks 24 are connected to pistons 25 which reciprocate in separate cylinders 21a and 2lb enclosed by the casing 2'I situated below the replenishing tank I9A and communicating therewith. `The elongated cylinder 30 comprises two separate chambers 39a .and 30h as shown more particularly in Figure 3 of the drawings.. A piston 3| is adapted to reciprocate in the chamber 30o while a piston 3Ia is adaptedto reciprocate in the chamberI .30ct.` These .pistons in accordance withthepresent invention are made of "Monelf metal. A ,pipe V28 connects the cylinder 21a of the compressor I0 with the chamber 30a 0f the cylinder 30 while a pipe 29 connects the cylinder 2lb with the chamber 301?. Two guides 32 and 33 extend on both sides of the piston 3I and are carried by the support`35.' Two similar guides 32a and 33a extend on 'both sidesY of the piston'3la and through the support 34. lThe support 34 also supports one end 'of the piston 3Ia while the support 35 supports one end of the piston 3|. A rod 32h extends through the guides 32 and V3 2a,`while a similar rod 331) extends through the guides 33 and 33a. A transverse connection piece 36 connects the outer end of the piston Sla with adjacent ends of the rods 32b and 33h while the transverse connection piece 3l connects the outer end ofthe piston 3| with the opposite ends of the rods 32h and 3312. 'I'he rods 32h and 33h are-preferably also made of Monel metal.

'Aspring 38 encloses the major portion of the rod 32h. One end of the spring 38 is connected with the support 35 while the Opposite endof the spring 38 is connected with a disc or plate 39, which isrmly attached to the guide 32a, Float- The rack 4'IV meshes with the pinion 49 connected by a shaft 50 with a bevel gear '5I keyed upon the shaft 50 and meshing with a bevel gear 52. The bevel gear 52 meshes with another bevel gear 53 which is connected bya shaft V54 with a pinion 56. This construction is used when the rudder stock is laft of the rams.` The pinion 56 meshes with a rack 18.

A toothed segment 55 which is connected with the bevel gear 52 meshes with another toothed segment 5lv which is connected by' a shaft or rod 53 with two levers 59 and I2I,. When'the bevel gear 5I is rotated, the vbevel gear 52 will carry out a planetary movement, turning the segment 55. The lever I 2| issecured to the shaft 58 by a set screw I2IaI andisconnected by a bolt I 22 with the lever 59 which'is freeto revolve on the shaft 58 and is provided with a pointer 60 which is movable over a scale 6I'. The lever 59 also carries a rod 62 which isconnected by a turnbuckleV 63 with a rod-64 connected with the rectangular body 65 which is pivotally supported in the pumpvstroke lever or switch lever 66. The lever 66 swivels in a bracket 6I secured to the casingv of the starboard variable delivery pump I3. Y

The shaft 68 of the pump I3 leads to an electrical motor which isl not shown in the drawings. The lever 66 cariesa mechanism 69 which is only diagrammatically indicated in the drawings and which projects into the interior of the pump I3 for the purpose of actuating a valve situated therein. This valve is alsonot shown inthe drawings. A Y

The lever 59 is also connected with a rod 'I0 leading to another independent pump which is similar to the pump I 3 and which is not shown in the drawings. This pump which is usually designated as the port pump, is connected by a seamless steel tubeor pipe 'II with a multi-port balancedpiston valve 12. -The val-ve 'I2 is connected with a similar valve carried by another cylinder (notVV shown) Y and the two valves are operated simultaneously.

The pipe 'I3 connects the piston valve 'I2 with the starboard pump I3. The cylinder I2 which enclosesone end of the ram I5, also carries an automatic by-pass v:valve I4 k which is mechanically operated by-a device not fshownrin the drawings,v to prevent the rudder 'from being forced in to hardover stops under pressure. -Furthermore, the cylinder I2 carries a rudder anglescale 1 5.

vThe rarn I5 is firmly connected with a rudder crosshead 'I6 made of cast steel and carryinga pointer 'I'I whichmoves in front of the scale 1 5.

The crosshead'IB also carries a rack v'I8 which meshes with the pinion 56. f v Y The illustrated. systemis provided with a number of ai-iXiliary devices which are operable only when the compressor I5 is out ov order.

One of these auxiliary devices consists of the aft steering column 19 illustrated diagrammatically in Figure la and operated by a hand-wheel i 99. The aft steering column 19 includes a clutch 8|', which may be brought into engagement with a bevel wheel 92 meshing with a bevel wheel 8'3 carried by a rod 94. As shown in Figure l, an end of the rod 85| carries a worm 85 meshing with a worm gear 86 mounted upon a shaft 81 having a pointer 83 which moves over a scale 89; The shaft 81 carries sleeves 99 and 9| provided with levers 92' and 93, respectively. The lever 93` is pivotally connected at 94 with links 95, 96 and 411, while the links 95 and 96 are connected at 45 with the bifurcated endll of the rack |11.

Another auxiliary device comprises a trick wheel 91 carried by the shaft 84 and located in the steering gear room of the ship.

A third auxiliary device for hand stroking the pump I9 (Figure 1) comprises an opening 98 provided in the top part of the pump stoke lever 65. This hole or opening 98 is used for the insertion of a hand lever through the use of which the switch lever |39 may be operated Inanually in case the compressor and aft telemotor fail.

In accordance with the present invention, the fluid-operated system shown in Figures la and 2, which includes the compressor I and the aft telemotor II, is provided with a filling tank 99 which is preferably situated high above the aft telemotor II and which is connected to a pipe |99 carrying a hand-operated valve or petcock IGI and a filling hand-pump |02. A pipe |03 connects the pump |92 with the pipe |04 leading to the section 39a of the cylinder 39 and with the pipe leading to the section 30h of the cylinder 39. rIhe pipe IBG carries a valve |95, while the pipe |95 carries a valve |01. The valves or cocks |96 and |91 are normally locked and are opened only when the system is being filled with the operating fluid,

The device used for compensating for the eX- pansion or contraction of the water, oil or other operating iiuid is shown in Figures la, 2', 5, 6, and 7 of the drawings. The device comprises a pipe |93 (Figures 2 and 5) having one end which communicates with the interior of the replenishing tank I9. Another pipe |99 is attached t0 the pipe |98. The lower end of the pipe IDS is connected with a hand-operated by-pass valve Ita which is in communication with the cylinders 21a and 21h.

The pipe |99 carries two equalizing check valves H5, one of which is shown in section in Figure 6 of the drawings. The lower end of the pipe I 09 is connected with both cylinders 21a and 21b through the valves I I9. Each valve IIE) comprises an upper annular body III having inner screw-threads I I2 meshing with the screwthreads of the adjacent end of a pipe. The lower end of the member III has the form of a cylinder I|3 having screw threads meshing with the inner threads provided upon the upper end of a sleeve II. The opposite end of the sleeve ||4 has inner threads I|5 by means of which the sleeve ||4 may be screwed upon a threaded end of an adjacent pipe.

The upper member III has an inner flange H6 enclosing an opening II1 which may be closed by a ball IIB. The ball ||8 is situated within the cylinder II3 constituting a part of the member III and provided with diametrically opposed openings ||9 and a perforated bottom |25 whichl may have the formof a cross or the like.

The'device'is operated as follows:

The pilot desiring to move the rudderof the ship turns the wheel I6 (Figure la). Since the wheel I6 is connected by a shaft I8, the' spur wheel 2G (Figure 5), the gear wheel 2|, the shaft 22, and the gear wheel 23` with two racks 24, the rotation of the wheel IG will cause one of these racks to move upwardly while the other rack will move downwardly tothe same extent. As has been mentioned already, each of these racks is connected to a separate vpiston 25. These pistons move in separate cylinders enclosed -by the casing 21 and communicating with the replenishing tank |9 throughV the pipes |08 and |99 as well as with the pipes 28 and 29 respectively (Figure laf). Therefore, the turning of the wheel I6 in one 0r the other direction will cause a flow of the operating fluid through either the pipe 28 or the pipe 29. l

Since the pipes 28` and 29y communicate with the chambers 39a. and 39h, respectively, in the interior of the cylinder 39, saidchambers enclosing the pistons 3| and 3io., the iluid arriving through the pipe 29 will cause a movement of the piston 3|a. in one direction, while' the uid arriving through the pipe 29 will cause a movement of the piston 3 IY in the opposite direction.

Let it be assumed, for instance, that the iiuid flows through the pipe 2S into the chamber 30a. This iluid will move the piston Sla. to the left (looking in the direction ot Figs. 2 and l0). Since the piston 3io. is connected by the transverse piece 35 with the rods 32h and 33h which are connected with the transverse piece 31, the transverse piece 31 and the piston 3| will move along with the piston SIa in the same direction; The piston 3| will drive the fluid in the charnber 39h through the pipe 25 and into the cylinder 21h to ll the space produced by the upward movement of a piston 25.

Since the piston 3|@ is connected with the rod 42, this rod will move along with the pistons 3| and 3|a.

The movement of the rod 2 will be communicated to the link |54 and the rack l1 (Figure 1). The rack I1 will actuate the pinion 49, which is connected to the shaft 59. The shaft 5i! will rotate the bevel gear 5| which meshes with the bevel gear 52. Thus the rotation of the bevel gear 5| will cause the bevel gear 52 to carry out a rotary planetary movement. Since the segment 55 is connected with the bevel gear 52, it will turn while the gear 52 is moving. The turningfof the segment 55 is transmitted by the segment 51 to the shaft 58 and lever 59; Any movement of the ram I5 will also turn the segment 51 through the rack 18, the spur gearl 55, the shaft 55, the bevel gear 53 and the bevel gear 52. As already stated, the lever 59 is connected by a rod 54 to the pump stroke lever 66 of the pump I3, while a rod 15 connects the lever 59 to the port delivery pump, not shown inthe drawings. The movement of the rack 41 is limited by the stops |29.

A movement of the rod 64 caused by the turning of the shaft 58 will cause the lever 66 to swing about its bracket 61 and to operate the device 69, which extends into the interior of the casing of the pump I3 and which actuates there a valve of standard construction, which is not shown in the drawings.

This valve will cause oil or other operating uid to ow from the pump I3 through the pipe 13 tothe'valve 12 and the interior ofthe cylinder I2. At the same time, the rod 10 will actuate the lport pump, which is not shown in the drawings,

and which will cause the iiuid to flow from that pump through the line 1| into the valve 12 and the interior of the cylinder I2.

The operating fluid flowing through the lines 13 and 1| into the cylinder I2 will actuate the ram l5, which in its turnrwill move the stock and the rudder, not shown in the drawings.

-If for some reason the compressor I or the aft telemotor I I (Figure la) are out of order, the rudder is actuated by turning the hand-wheel 80 of the aft steering column 18, which transmits its movement through the clutch 8| and the bevel gears 82 and 83 to the rod 84; the Worm 85 (Figure 1) the Worm gear 86, the shaft 81, the sleeves 90 and 9|, and the levers 92 and 93 to the link 44 connected with the rack 41.

If the compressor l0 and the aft steering column 19 are both out of order, the rudder may be operated by turning the trick wheel 91, which is connected with the shaft 84.

If all of these devices are out of order, the rudder may be actuated manually by inserting a lever into theopening 98 to turn the lever 56, which actuates the pump I3 and which is connected to the port pump (not shown) by means of the rods 64 and 62, the lever 59 and the rod 1l).

Due tothe provision of the lling tank 99 and the hand-pump |02 (Figures la and 2), the uid circuit which includes the compressor I0 and the aft telemotor is always lled with the required amount of the operating fluid. The valves |06 and |01 are usually closed and are opened only when the lling pump |92 is actuated. f

When one of the pistons 25, for example, the one to the right of Figure 6, is caused to move downwardly against the fluid in the right hand cylinder 21o in casing 21, within which the said piston operates, pressure is transmitted through the pipe 29 to the piston 3| of the aft telemotor moving said piston to the right (Figure 3). Movement of the piston 3| to the right will move the piston 3 a to the right also, since the pistons 3| and 3 Ia are connected through the transverse connection pieces 31 and 36 and rods 32h and 33h. Then the fluid in the chamber 39a is displaced through the pipe 28, and into the left hand cylinder 21a in the casing 21 (Figure 6). This pressure will cause fluid to pass through the perforated bottom |25 of the check valve H9 on the right hand side of the casing 21 (Figure 6) forcing the ball ||8 against the flange H6, closing the opening H1 and preventing fluid from passing into the pipe |09. At this time the ball in the check valve H9 on the left of the casing 21 (Figure 6) is in its rest position (shown in Figure 7), it being possible for iiuid topass from the replenishing tank I9 into the pipe |09, thence through the openings ||1 andjl I9 of the check valve It into the pipe 28, thereby replenishing any uid which may have become lost and maintain a'solid iluid system.

'Ihe valve |9811 is closed during normal operation and isopened by means of its hand lever when the hydraulic system is to be overhauled to Icy-pass the cylinders 21a and 21h.

Compression is created by the turning of the steering Wheel. When the fluid expands due to heat or some other causes, the velocity rate of the fluid is very slow and not suflicient to cause the ball to move upwardly to close the passage; therefore, a surplus of liquid caused by expansion may flow around the ball ||8 into the tank I9. Upon movement of the wheel to cause compression, the velocity rate of the fluid becomes high enough to seat the ball EIB.

Should expansion or contraction ofthe operating fluid resultingvfrom temperature variations take place, the fluid will be able to ow through the openings ||S of the cylinder H3 and around the ball I8, provided that the latter is in its rest position, shown in Figure 7. Thus, due to the provision of the check valves H0, the system is adequately compensated for temperature variations and there is no danger that the increased pressure of the operating fluid will result in leakage.

It is apparent that the speciiic illustrations shown above have been given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and that thestructures above described are subject to wide variation and modification without departing from the scope or intent of the invention, all of which variations and modifications are to be included within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is: y

In a power-transmitting mechanism, the combination of a forward compressor, an aft fluidoperated telemotor comprising two longitudinally disposed cylinders and pistons movable within each of said cylinders, connections between said pistons, means for connecting said pistons to a power-transmitting mechanism; and Vtwo pipe lines each connecting said forward, compressor with one cylinder of said aft telemotor; with a lling tank situated substantially above said aft telemotor, a hand pump, a pipe line having an equalizing valve and connected to said tank and one end of said pump, another pipe line connected to the other end of said pump, two pipes one end of said pipes being connected with the other ppie line and each one of the opposite ends being connected with each of the cylindersof said aft telemotor, respectively, and valves carried by these two pipes and controlling the ow of iiuid therethrough.

CHARLES FRANKLIN BINDER. 

